Question 1

What is preeclampsia?

Accepted Answer

Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy characterized by new-onset hypertension (≥140/90 mmHg) after 20 weeks' gestation, with proteinuria or end-organ dysfunction. It is a leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity worldwide.

Question 2

Who should receive low-dose aspirin for preeclampsia prevention?

Accepted Answer

USPSTF/ACOG recommend low-dose aspirin (81–150 mg/day) starting 12–16 weeks' gestation for women with ≥ 1 high-risk factor or ≥ 2 moderate-risk factors. Continue until delivery.

Question 3

What is MAP and why does it matter in pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

Mean arterial pressure ≈ (SBP + 2 × DBP) / 3. Normal pregnancy MAP is 70–90 mmHg. MAP ≥ 105 indicates pregnancy hypertension. Elevated MAP in the first trimester predicts preeclampsia in algorithms like the Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) screening.

Question 4

What are high-risk vs moderate-risk factors?

Accepted Answer

High-risk: prior preeclampsia, chronic hypertension, diabetes, renal disease, autoimmune disease (SLE/APS), multifetal gestation. Moderate-risk: nulliparity, age ≥ 35, BMI ≥ 30, family history, prior SGA infant, interpregnancy interval > 10 years, IVF pregnancy.

MAP (mmHg)	Category	Implication
< 70	Low	Requires monitoring; may reduce placental perfusion
70 – 90	Normal	Typical pregnancy range
90 – 105	Borderline	Close follow-up advised
≥ 105	Hypertensive	Pregnancy hypertension — further workup needed

Category	Criteria	Recommendation
High	≥ 1 high-risk factor	Low-dose aspirin prophylaxis
High	≥ 2 moderate-risk factors	Low-dose aspirin prophylaxis
Moderate	1 moderate-risk factor	Individualize with obstetrician
Low	No identified risk factors	Standard antenatal care

🩸 Preeclampsia Risk Calculator

🔴 High-Risk Factors (any 1 → high risk)

🟡 Moderate-Risk Factors (any 2 → high risk)

MAP Interpretation

ACOG/NICE Risk Stratification

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